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Wade Hampton III (March 28, 1818April 11, 1902) was a Confederate cavalry leader during the American Civil War and afterward a Democratic Party politician from South Carolina. Near the end of the Reconstruction, he was elected as 77th Governor of South Carolina, serving 1876-1879, and later was elected as a U.S. Senator. His election as governor was marked by extensive violence by the Red Shirts, a paramilitary group that served the Democratic Party to work to disrupt elections and suppress black voting in the state. They contributed to the Democrats regaining control of the state government. ==Early life and career== Hampton was born at 54 Hasell St. in Charleston, South Carolina, the eldest son of Wade Hampton II (1791–1858), known as "Colonel Wade Hampton", and Ann (née Fitzsimmons) Hampton. His mother was from a wealthy family in Charleston.〔Tagg, p. 359.〕 The senior Hampton was an officer of dragoons in the War of 1812, and an aide to General Andrew Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans. The boy was the grandson of Wade Hampton (1754–1835), lieutenant colonel of cavalry in the American War of Independence, member of the U.S. House of Representatives, and brigadier general in the War of 1812. After the war, his father had built a fortune on land speculation in the Southeast, and was said to own the highest number of slaves in the South (more than 3,000). His uncle, James Henry Hammond, was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives and as Governor of South Carolina, and in the late 1850s to the U.S. Senate. Hampton grew up in a wealthy planter family, receiving private instruction. He had four younger sisters. His was an active outdoor life; he rode horses and hunted, especially at his family's North Carolina summer retreat, High Hampton.〔(High Hampton history ).〕 The youth was known for taking hunting trips alone into the woods, hunting American black bears with only a knife. Some accounts credit him with killing as many as 80 bears.〔Ackerman, p. 16, cites Theodore Roosevelt's ''The Wilderness Hunter'' for the figure of 80. Although Ackerman suggests 80 may be exaggerated, Hampton was considered "an excellent and fearless hunter".〕 In 1836 Hampton graduated from South Carolina College (now the University of South Carolina), and was trained for the law, although he never practiced. His father assigned certain plantations to him for his management in South Carolina and Mississippi.〔 The younger man also became active in state politics. He was elected to the South Carolina General Assembly in 1852 and served as a Senator from 1858 to 1861. After Hampton's father died in 1858, the son inherited his vast fortune, the plantations, and one of the largest holdings of slaves in the South. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wade Hampton III」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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